2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. Toll-like Receptor (TLR)

Toll-like Receptor (TLR)

Toll-like Receptor (TLR)

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Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system. They are single, membrane-spanning, non-catalytic receptors usually expressed in sentinel cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, that recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes. Once these microbes have breached physical barriers such as the skin or intestinal tract mucosa, they are recognized by TLRs, which activate immune cell responses. The TLRs include TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, TLR10, TLR11, TLR12, and TLR13. Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in the early innate immune response to invading pathogens by sensing microorganism and are involved in sensing endogenous danger signals. TLRs are evolutionarily conserved receptors are homologues of the Drosophila Toll protein, discovered to be important for defense against microbial infection. TLRs recognize highly conserved structural motifs known as pathogen-associated microbial patterns (PAMPs), which are exclusively expressed by microbial pathogens.

Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoform Specific Products:

Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-145254
    Tri(TLR4-IN-C34-PEG2-amide-PEG1)-amide-C3-COOH
    		Inhibitor
    Tri(TLR4-IN-C34-PEG2-amide-PEG1)-amide-C3-COOH is a linker that incorporates TLR4 inhibitor TLR4-IN-C34. TLR4-IN-C34 inhibits TLR4 in enterocytes and macrophages, and reduces systemic inflammation in mouse models of endotoxemia and necrotizing enterocolitis.
    Tri(TLR4-IN-C34-PEG2-amide-PEG1)-amide-C3-COOH
  • HY-150738B
    FITC-labeled ODN 2088 sodium
    		Antagonist
    FITC-labeled ODN 2088 (sodium) is a potent TLR3, TLR7 and TLR9 inhibitor. FITC-labeled ODN 2088 (sodium) can be used to evaluate CpG ODN cellular uptake and localization by confocal laser-scanning microscopy (excitation 495 nm, emission 520 nm) or flow cytometry.
    FITC-labeled ODN 2088 sodium
  • HY-145886
    TLR7/8 antagonist 1
    		Antagonist
    TLR7/8 Antagonist 1 (Compound 16c) is the potent antagonist of TLR7/8 with IC50s of 3.91 and 2.19 μM, respectively. TLR7/8 Antagonist 1 is an imidazoquinoline derivative compound. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 7 and 8 are key targets in the development of immunomodulatory drugs for researching infectious disease, cancer, and autoimmune disorders.
    TLR7/8 antagonist 1
  • HY-RS14588
    Tlr4 Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A
    		Inhibitor

    Tlr4 Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for Tlr4 gene (Rat), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.
    Tlr4 Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A
    Tlr4 Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A
  • HY-160040
    Cobitolimod
    		Agonist
    Cobitolimod is a DNA oligonucleotide agonist of TLR-9 with anti-inflammatory activity. Cobitolimod suppresses Th17 cells and induces anti-inflammatory FoxP3 and IL-10 expression, inhibiting the IL-17 signaling pathway.
    Cobitolimod
  • HY-168157
    TLR7 agonist 26
    		Agonist
    TLR7 agonist 26 (Compound 4) is a potent Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist, with an EC50 of 225.5 nM. TLR7 agonist 26 shows immunopotentiating effects.
    TLR7 agonist 26
  • HY-173063
    TLR8 antagonist-1
    		Antagonist
    TLR8 antagonist-1 (Compound 10) is a selective TLR8 antagonist. TLR8 antagonist-1 can inhibit TLR8-mediated inflammation and signaling pathways, reduce the recruitment of MyD88, and inhibit the NF-κB and IRF pathways. TLR8 antagonist-1 has anti-inflammatory activity.
    TLR8 antagonist-1
  • HY-159747
    M401
    		Activator
    M401 is a vaccine adjuvant and a key component in vaccines. Adjuvants can be divided into immunostimulants and delivery systems. Adjuvants can not only enhance the intensity and durability of immune responses, but also affect the type of immune responses. On the one hand, immunostimulants promote the production of antigen signals and co-stimulatory signals by targeting Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to the maturation and activation of antigen presenting cells (APCs), thereby enhancing adaptive immune responses; on the other hand, delivery systems are carrier materials that promote antigen delivery by prolonging the bioavailability of loaded antigens and targeting antigens to lymph nodes or APCs. Several common adjuvants include: saponins, TLRs agonists, polysaccharides, nanoparticles, cytokines, and mucosal adjuvants.
    M401
  • HY-159750
    M903
    		Activator
    M903 is a vaccine adjuvant and a key component in vaccines. Adjuvants can be divided into immunostimulants and delivery systems. Adjuvants can not only enhance the intensity and durability of immune responses, but also affect the type of immune responses. On the one hand, immunostimulants promote the production of antigen signals and co-stimulatory signals by targeting Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to the maturation and activation of antigen presenting cells (APCs), thereby enhancing adaptive immune responses; on the other hand, delivery systems are carrier materials that promote antigen delivery by prolonging the bioavailability of loaded antigens and targeting antigens to lymph nodes or APCs. Several common adjuvants include: saponins, TLRs agonists, polysaccharides, nanoparticles, cytokines, and mucosal adjuvants.
    M903
  • HY-P2848A
    Cholesterol oxidase, rhodococcus sp
    		Inhibitor
    Cholesterol oxidase, Rhodococcus sp. is a key enzyme in the cholesterol degradation process. It catalyzes the isomerization and oxidation of cholesterol mediated by the coenzyme FAD. Research indicates that cholesterol oxidase plays a crucial role in the pathogenicity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by modulating the host macrophage immune response through inhibition of the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling pathway, thereby enhancing the survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Cholesterol oxidase, from Rhodococcus sp., shows potential for research in the field of tuberculosis.
    Cholesterol oxidase, rhodococcus sp
  • HY-130320A
    Monophosphoryl lipid A free acid
    		Agonist
    Monophosphoryl lipid A (free acid) is a toll-like receptor 4 agonist. Monophosphoryl lipid A (free acid) is derived from the cell wall of nonpathogenic Salmonella. Monophosphoryl lipid A (free acid) can be used for the research of immunization and vaccine.
    Monophosphoryl lipid A free acid
  • HY-156175
    TLR7 agonist 14
    		Agonist
    TLR7 agonist 14 (compound 17b) is a highly potent TLR7 agonist with an EC50 of 18 nM. TLR7 agonist 14 potently induces the activation of mouse macrophages and hPBMCs at low-nanomolar concentrations.
    TLR7 agonist 14
  • HY-B0180S1
    Imiquimod-d9
    		Agonist
    Imiquimod-d9 is deuterium labeled Imiquimod. Imiquimod (R 837), an immune response modifier, is a selective toll like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist. Imiquimod exhibits antiviral and antitumor effects in vivo. Imiquimod can be used for the research of external genital, perianal warts, cancer and COVID-19[1][2].
    Imiquimod-d<sub>9</sub>
  • HY-B0180S
    Imiquimod-d6
    		Agonist
    Imiquimod-d6 is the deuterium labeled Imiquimod. Imiquimod (R 837), an immune response modifier, is a selective toll like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist. Imiquimod exhibits antiviral and antitumor effects in vivo. Imiquimod can be used for the research of external genital, perianal warts, cancer and COVID-19[1][2].
    Imiquimod-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-159919
    UM-3006
    		Agonist
    UM-3006 is a highly efficient TLR7/8 agonist that enhances immune responses by activating the TLR signaling pathway. UM-3006 holds significant research and application potential in the fields of vaccine adjuvants and immune diseases.
    UM-3006
  • HY-W008341
    5-Chloroisoquinoline
    		Inhibitor
    5-Chloroisoquinoline (compound 42) is an inhibitor of SARM1 (Sterile alpha and toll/interleukin receptor (TIR) motif containing protein 1), an enzyme involved in axon degeneration that catalyzes multiple activities through a ternary complex mechanism. 5-Chloroisoquinoline can be used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases or axon degeneration.
    5-Chloroisoquinoline
  • HY-164485
    INI-4001
    		Activator
    INI-4001 is a TLR7/8 agonist, with EC50 values of 1.89 μM and 4.86 μM for TLR7/8, respectively. INI-4001 induces signaling and SEAP production through TLR7 and TLR8.
    INI-4001
  • HY-17007R
    Saquinavir (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Saquinavir (Standard) is the analytical standard of Saquinavir (HY-17007). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Saquinavir (Ro 31-8959) is an orally active HIV protease inhibitor that can be used in the research of AIDS. Saquinavir also has anti-inflammatory activity and can induce apoptosis of human red blood cells.
    Saquinavir (Standard)
  • HY-173388
    Nitric oxide production-IN-2
    		Inhibitor
    TLR4/JNK/NF-κB-IN-1 (Racemic-11k) is inhibitors of TLR4, JNK, and NF-κB. TLR4/JNK/NF-κB-IN-1 inhibits NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells with an IC50 value of 23.2 µM. TLR4/JNK/NF-κB-IN-1 exerts anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting TLR4 expression, reducing JNK phosphorylation, thereby suppressing the activation of NF-κB, blocking the transcription of inflammation-related genes, reducing the expression of iNOS and COX-2, and decreasing the production of inflammatory mediators such as NO, PGE 2, and TNF-α. TLR4/JNK/NF-κB-IN-1 is promising for research of inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and various inflammatory disorders.
    Nitric oxide production-IN-2
  • HY-N0022R
    Isoacteoside (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Isoacteoside (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isoacteoside. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isoacteoside is a natural product that can significantly inhibit the formation of glycation end products. Isoacteoside Standard regulates the AKT/PI3K/m-TOR/NF-κB signaling pathway, induces apoptosis in OVCAR-3 cell. Isoacteoside Standard exhibits antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity and neuroprotective activities.
    Isoacteoside (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoform Comparison

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